Forouzan Ganji; Ali Ahmadi; Salehe Zare; Jafar Nasiri
Abstract
Background and aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the pattern of alcohol consumption and its related factors in the patients referring to hospitals.
Methods: A hospital-based case control study was carried out in Shahrekord during 2016-2017. A total of 150 individuals who ...
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Background and aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the pattern of alcohol consumption and its related factors in the patients referring to hospitals.
Methods: A hospital-based case control study was carried out in Shahrekord during 2016-2017. A total of 150 individuals who had self-report of alcohol consumption and history of alcoholism entered into the case group based on the convenience sampling method. Likewise, 300 individuals who did not have self-report of alcohol consumption entered into the control group. Group matching was performed based on the date of admission to the hospital, type of disease, complications, and duration of the disease. This study explored the pattern of alcohol consumption variables, spiritual health, quality of life, and general health. Odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated as well.
Results: The causes of onset of alcohol consumption were curiosity (41.40%), social class and imitation of others (17.40%), and life problems (15.30%). Further, the causes of continued alcohol consumption were attributed to the interest in taste and smelling (23.30%), emotional problems (20%), as well as loneliness feeling and life problems (12.60%). The mean of general health scores in the case and control groups were 29.8± 5 and 29.3± 4, respectively (P = 0.296). The mean of the quality of life in the case group and control group were 32.13± 7 and 32.11± 5, respectively (P = 0.98). The differences in the scores of spiritual health in two groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.96).
Conclusion: An attempt should be made to improve the strategies to satisfy the emotional sense and health recreations of society.
Ezzat Allah Memarzadeh; Forouzan Ganji
Abstract
Background and aims: Color blindness is a disease that remains undiagnosed in some cases. Thediagnosis of the disease during schooling is necessary to take the required measures for the future lifeof adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of color blindnessamong ...
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Background and aims: Color blindness is a disease that remains undiagnosed in some cases. Thediagnosis of the disease during schooling is necessary to take the required measures for the future lifeof adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of color blindnessamong the students of secondary schools in Shahrekord.Methods: In this descriptive study, 4074 students of secondary schools across Shahrekord wereincluded by the cluster sampling method. Ishihara color blindness test plate was used to diagnosecolor blindness. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and percentage) by SPSS 18.Results: In general, 362 (88.8%) patients had color blindness. Out of 2052 male students and 2022female ones, 343 (16.71%) and 19 (0.93%) cases were diagnosed with color blindness, respectively. Inboth genders, most students had deuteranopia or deuteranomalia, while other types of color blindness,including tritanomaly, were not detected in the students.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the number of color blind people in the studied regionwas higher compared to the results of studies in the other regions of Iran. Moreover, the prevalence ofcolor blindness was more in males compared to females. In addition, the prevalence of other kinds ofcolor blindness mainly belonged to deuteranopia or deuteranomalia.