Epidemiology
Elaheh Ainy; Hamid Soori; Roghayeh Paydar
Abstract
AbstractBackground and aims: This study was conducted to determine the economic, social, and culturalfactors influencing the consumption of drugs by drivers of public vehicles in 2013.Materials and Methods: The capture-recapture method was employed to determine drug use, its type,and the time of consumption ...
Read More
AbstractBackground and aims: This study was conducted to determine the economic, social, and culturalfactors influencing the consumption of drugs by drivers of public vehicles in 2013.Materials and Methods: The capture-recapture method was employed to determine drug use, its type,and the time of consumption among drivers of public transport. At the capture stage, 384 of the sampleswere surveyed and then (15 days later) at the recapture stage, 1176 drivers were randomly selected.All drivers who crossed the boundaries of Hormozgan, Khuzestan, Khorasan Razavi, West and EastAzarbaijan, Sistan and Baluchestan, and Gilan during the defined time were randomly selected. Thesample size was 196 drivers for each boundary based on the traffic volume of each boundary and typeof vehicle.Results: The mean age of the addicted and non-addicted subjects was 41.65 ± 3.41 years and39.63 ± 2.11 years, respectively, with a significant difference (P = 0.01). There were significantdifferences between addicted and non-addicted subjects with respect to some of the socioeconomicvariables such as monthly income (P = 0.001), owning home (P = 0.001), owning car (P = 0.001),ethnicity (P = 0.016), and education (P = 0.01). There were significant differences in the economic andcultural factors affecting addictive drug use between non-addicted and addicted subjects (P = 0.001).Conclusion: A significant difference in economic and cultural factors, ethnicity, and levels of educationwas observed between non-addicted and addicted subjects.
Epidemiology
Elaheh Ainy; Hamid Soori; Seyed Mohammad Riahi; Ebrahim Vahabzadeh; Asghar Mohebi; Masoud Amiri
Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2014, , Pages 16-23
Abstract
Background and aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of enforcement of new traffic laws on the fatal and non- fatal injury rates in Iran.
Methods: In a longitudinal, interventional controlled trial study, all subjects with history of fatal and non-fatal injuries were studied. Their injuries ...
Read More
Background and aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of enforcement of new traffic laws on the fatal and non- fatal injury rates in Iran.
Methods: In a longitudinal, interventional controlled trial study, all subjects with history of fatal and non-fatal injuries were studied. Their injuries were caused by six risky violations (unauthorized speed, illegal overtaking, red traffic light crossing, reverse gear movement in the highways, and vehicle arrestment due to two simultaneous violations) from June 2010 to November 2010 (as control) and from June 2011 to November 2011 (as case). Available forensic data were used and the outcome of new road traffic laws was analyzed.
Results: The new traffic laws led to reduction of fatal and non-fatal road traffic injuries in urban and metropolitan roads after implementation, with a continuing trend during six months. Reduction of fatal and non-fatal road traffic injuries was higher for 20-29 years age group. The effect of new traffic laws on reduction of fatal and non-fatal injuries was 8.7% and 33.3%, respectively. Reduction of fatality and injury rate at crash scene, after six months of intervention, was 0.4 and 11.1 per 100,000 populations, respectively.
Conclusion: The enforcement of the first phase of new traffic laws has reduced fatal and non-fatal rates of road traffic injuries in Iran. It seems that strict enforcement and amendment of new traffic regulations could further increase their efficiency.