Epidemiology
Ameneh Nasiri; Bahareh Gholami Chaboki; Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi; Mojgan Nazari
Abstract
Background and aims: Patient information leaflets (PILs) are the best form of written information transfer. The aim of this study was to investigate the sources of drug information and the reading rate of PILs among medical sciences students. Methods: Three hundred students were entered ...
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Background and aims: Patient information leaflets (PILs) are the best form of written information transfer. The aim of this study was to investigate the sources of drug information and the reading rate of PILs among medical sciences students. Methods: Three hundred students were entered in this cross-sectional study via simple random sampling at the Faculty of Paramedical, Nursing and Midwifery of Guilan University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Results: The participants considered the physician as the most reliable source for receiving drug information. Pharmacists, PILs, and the Internet were mentioned as the next sources, respectively. About 15.3% of people always read PILs. Students used PILs along with other sources of drug information. Conclusion: The type of medication and the individuals’ need for the type of information, along with the structure and presentation of the materials in the PILs, are all contributing factors.
Mojgan Nazari; Masoumeh Rostami-Moez; Fatemeh Ebrahimi
Abstract
AbstractBackground and aims: Fennel is often advocated for primary dysmenorrhea. Whether this herb has areal effect on pain relief is still a matter of debate in medicine. Therefore, this study was conducted toevaluate the effect of fennel on primary dysmenorrhea.Methods: This systematic review was conducted ...
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AbstractBackground and aims: Fennel is often advocated for primary dysmenorrhea. Whether this herb has areal effect on pain relief is still a matter of debate in medicine. Therefore, this study was conducted toevaluate the effect of fennel on primary dysmenorrhea.Methods: This systematic review was conducted on clinical trials (non-randomized, randomized,historical study with concurrent control) published in PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, Scopus,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), ProQuest, and Persian databases (Magiran,IranMedex, SID, Irandoc) regarding the effect of fennel on pain intensity in primary dysmenorrhea from1990 to 2019. Nine studies met all inclusion criteria. Any clinical trials on young women with primarydysmenorrhea were included in the study. Studies that used fennel plus other products investigatedfennel effect on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and bleeding; studies without a control group andnonclinical trials were excluded. In all studies, participants were young female university or highschool students. All of them had moderate to severe primary dysmenorrhea.Results: In all of the studies except for one, fennel had been more effective than placebo in pain relief(P < 0.01). Non-steroidal drugs had the same result as fennel for pain relief. However, in one study,the difference between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and fennel in pain relief wasobserved. Only one study reported increasing vaginal bleeding after fennel consumption in somecases.Conclusion: Collectively, these studies favored fennel over NSAID, other herbal drugs, and placebo.But more investigation is needed to draw a firm conclusion.Registration: PROSPERO - 42015023725